2022年考研英语二|外刊英语阅读-同情心和内疚感的互补Pt.4

考研人数逐年增加，竞争之激烈使得我们不得不加急复习的日程。众所周知，阅读理解占据了考研英语二100分试卷的一半分值，而考研英语阅读文章大多来自英美国家的主流报刊杂志，所以如果能在日常就多多阅读这些文章，对以后读懂文章做对题目来说会大有裨益。

学习步骤如下：

1.不看汉语译文自己看一遍短文做理解

2.看汉语译文比对自己理解的意思与之出入

3.强化记忆重点单词（以记忆其汉语意思为主）

In a 2014 study, for example, Malti looked at 244 children. Using caregiver assessments and the children’s self-observations, she rated each child’s overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones shared more, even though they hadn’t magically become more sympathetic to the other child’s deprivation.

“That’s good news,” Malti says. “We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret.”

短文翻译

例如,在2014年的一项研究中,马尔蒂观察了244名儿童。通过看护者的评价和孩子们的自我观察,她对每个孩子的整体同情心水平以及他或她在违背道德后的负面情绪倾向进行了评定。然后,研究者分发给孩子们一些金币巧克力,并给他们一次机会与一位匿名的孩子分享。对那些缺乏同情心的孩子来说,他们分享出多少似乎取决于他们感到内疚的倾向程度。那些容易感到内疚的孩子分享得更多,尽管他们没有奇迹般地因对方什么都没有而变得更有同情心。 “这是个好消息,”马尔蒂说。“我们会因为自己造成了伤害并感到悔恨而变得亲社会。”

核心单词一览

真题练习

*一定要做题哦

25. The word “transgressions” (Para.5) is closest in meaning to _______.

A. teachings

B. discussions

C. restrictions

D. wrongdoings

题目解析

25.【解析】根据题干要求定位到第五段第二句话“Using caregiver assessments and the children’s self-observations, she rated each child's overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions.” 且位于主句的“transgressions”的前面出现to feel negative emotions，情感属于消极贬义。对比四个选项，D项wrongdoings坏事，不道德的行为，属于贬义词，与其情感色彩一致，故为正确选项。A项teachings 教导，属于褒义词。B项discussions 讨论，属于中性词 。C项restrictions 限制;约束，属于中性词，故排除。